No one said that all planets must have an atmosphere. I agree that temperature by itself is not a reason for the absence of the atmosphere - however close proximity to the star is - since the stellar wind will strip it, unless the planet has a very strong magnetic field. Venus is not that close to the star - its normal temperature without the green house effect wouldn't have been so high. Also, when you measure the temperature of a planet this way - it is not the the temperature of the surface - but of the emitting layer. And if the emitting layer is so hot - it is probably the ground and there is probably no atmosphere.

This is how I understand your question:

If the average rain per month is X and for the first 2 weeks there have already have been X rain, does this mean that the rain probability for the next 2 weeks would be higher or lower?

There is no easy answer. There is no monthly rain quota where you used up your monthly rain early. One will have to analyze the reasons why there was more rain than usual.

Still, globally, I would be inclined to say that if the first part of the month was not normal, there is somewhat higher than average probability that the second won't be either. Weather patterns come from global cycles and global weather systems - and it in this case something is off. For example the European weather is highly influenced by the current state of the Azores High and the Icelandic Low. If these are off for some reason, it usually takes some time before they gradually return to normal.

The parallel processing and the libraries - especially LAPACK.

All those libraries for FORTRAN are of very high quality with state of the art parallel processing.

Scientific parallel processing is a niche market, there isn't that much money in it and the development is very difficult.

It will take decades for Julia to catch up - which of all languages is currently the most probable successor.

Fortran still refuses to die when it comes to mathematical models. Even the latest generation weather models are still mostly Fortran.

Everyone hates, everyone wants to move to something else, but it is still very difficult to completely replace it.

There have been quite a few contenders during the years - C/C++, Python, R and now Julia - but they all lag behind the parallel processing of the Fortran libraries. It is very difficult changing an established base.

This is why C refuses to die too - it is so tightly integrated with the UNIX system that you simply cannot avoid it.

No moisture on the telescope lens though?

It is amazing, I usually travel every year in a campervan during the summer months in the French Alps with my 10 inch Orion Skyquest and even in Bortle 2 zones, I am never able to see anything but the faint blob in the middle.