Personal experience from a Leaf at -30C the winter before last :D That had accumulated enough heat in it from the previous days ride that it never got to 0C.

That specific car did not have liquid cooling but it did have electric heating yeah.

Sources are many, google it.

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But yeah, if you leave the car unplugged for an extended period in winter (like weeks) then it will drain from maintaining the safe temperature and then there might be damage. Which is why for taking care of your car you leave it plugged in for such situations.

Wait about 10 years ;)

Thats why newer EV-s have liquid cooled/heated battery packs which maintain a safe temperature for the pack even when not driving.

No, I have seen and driven the first gen Leaf-s with 300k+ on the odometer and 70% SOH, this is real life. With the original battery.

For clarification, there is a taxi company here that exclusively uses electric cars. They managed to rack up those 300k km quite quickly, using rapid charging as well. Really brutal usage pattern. And still the batteries had ~70% SOH at 250k - 350k km, there was quite a bit of variance which may be due to driver usage patterns or the chemistry change in 2013/2014.

Do some maths. 1kWh of battery capacity lasts for about 10k km before falling below the "magical" 70% SOH level. That means that an average EV like the Model 3 which has a 60kWh battery, will last for about 600k km. The average European drives around 15k km a year. It would take 40 years for them to drive the battery to that level. Other chemical degradation issues will probably apply before the 40 year mark which is why I brought out 20-30 years.

Oh, and the 1kWh per 10k km is based on first gen Leaf without battery thermal management. Newer chemistries and better cooling/warming solutions might have already pushed that number up so I would not be too surprised when Model 3-s end up lasting a million kilometers.

Look at the trends, in EU already ~10% of new cars are electric. Even without the ban over 90% would be EV-s by 2035. This ban only makes things more predictable for larger players, allowing them to have some certainty as to where to direct investments.

>That's also about how long between battery pack changes on EV's.

That is way off. I agree that first gen Leaf and maybe first gen Teslas had batteries that might require replacement after 10 years, more likely a batterypack lasts 20-30 years in an EV.

Also, many EV-s are already migrating away from cobalt based chemistries and some are already looking towards lithium free chemistries. There lies the "solution": there are many options of battery chemistries that are viable for EV-s and there is no requirement to only use one. The ones that have more supply will be used at the time and in the end they will stabilize.

Jesus, is your brain only filled with FUD or has some reality managed to wiggle its way in there as well?

Correction: tractor + empty trailer weigh 33,000 pounds.

Question to an experienced builder. Would such a pack be safer if built up from multiple 4s1p modules which each had their own BMS? If I am not completely mistaken then it should be possible to put packs in parallel without the BMS boards getting fried or going crazy.