Where on Twitter? How should I get started?

I wish I had a model or paper to point to. I don't. I worked with the Komodo team for a few years and I believe this to be true from experience in training/testing alternatives to nnue.

All AI surpasses humans when data gets large enough. Hypothetically if a person could review billions of games there's no way they'd beat Alphazero/Leela trained on billions of games.

To treat your question fairly, you should only ask in the small data domain.

One easy example: if you heavily leverage tree search algorithms and have a tiny neural net eval (much smaller than stockfish nnue) it would still surpass humans even with only hundreds of games.

Outside of RL it's harder. But sometimes simple models with few parameters (linear/logistic regression models) can outperform humans with only dozens of samples.