It’s universal that the richer you are the higher your carbon footprint. Including rich people from USA or any other country. Now qatar is one of the richest nations per capita and so it would make sense their emissions would match that. What’s so confusing?

Plus, the Qatari population is tiny. This graph is per capita which is incredibly misleading.

This can be replaced with electric power and nuclear power plants. As more and more companies build electric cars, Qataris will adopt them and the Qatari government has the money to invest in new energy infrastructure when they need to. They represent a tiny percentage of emissions. Per capita they are high but Qatar has less than 3 million people.