> Germany was being punished as if they were the sole instigator and agressor of WWI

This is the correct answer. France, Britain, and the US entered the war on the side of the nation that assassinated the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Germany was hardly at fault for supporting their ally in a war against a terrorist state.

Circumstances change, but human nature hasn't changed one iota throughout recorded history.

You don't want your firewood in contact with the soil. Rock or gravel is probably OK; soil makes it moldy / punky over time.

Well, now my curiosity is piqued! I think I understand how ordinary black holes form as a result of stellar evolution, but can you point me to some decent resources on supermassive black hole formation? I'd prefer something closer to a book than a web page.

I thought galaxies existed because of supermassive blackholes and the nebulae we think of as "galaxies" are their accretion disks?

The first rule of basement waterproofing is that waterproofing isn't and sealant doesn't. The future possibility of water infiltration is always a worry unless the water table is always below your basement floor.