I think you are regurgitating the point of view of your history professors. The people that wrote the constitution were aware of the idea of an army yet chose to protect the militia, not the army. They were not stupid and would have said army if that' s what they meant.

What do military academies and nepotism in the army have to do with what we are discussing?

??? It was called the Continental Army led by Generals, Colonels, etc. They had a uniform and bases. Your reference to military academies is simply non-sensical and I won't address it further. There were also groups of people who would fight alongside the army. These were the militias. The modern day National Guard is best described as weekend army.