There is a way to take the train but it would take a long time . Unless your home and or office is convenient to a station it would unlikely be viable.

I went over the scenario anyways...

To be in Needham by say 9 am, you would need to catch the 6:35 am train from Providence. To get to Needham you would need to get off at ruggles, back bay or south station and wait about 20 mins for the Needham line, (7:50 from south station)

Depending on how far your home or office is from the station, your looking at about 2 - 3 hours, one way, to get to work this way. Could be a good idea say you didn't have to be in the office for a full day and can get work done while in transit.