Excerpt from the linked summary^1 by Jay Silverstein, co-author of the research paper:^2

>Professor Robert Littman, of the University of Hawai'i at Manoa, and I uncovered evidence of the civil war at Tell Timai – the ruins of the ancient city of Thmouis in Egypt’s Nile delta.

>The archaeological evidence has revealed widespread destruction from the time of the rebellion, 204-186BC.

>In 2009, evidence of burned buildings with ceramic vessels still in place first suggested that there had been a catastrophic event at Tell Timai.

>The destruction was widespread and followed by a levelling and rebuilding of the ruined city.

>Over the following years, evidence including weapons and unburied bodies that graphically pointed to an episode of extreme violence accumulated.

>Establishing the precise timing of events in archaeological excavations is difficult.

>The range from radiocarbon dating, for instance, is often too broad to provide a concise date that aligns with historic records.

> 

>At Thmouis, however, one room held evidence that allowed for more accurate dating.

>A hoard of coins on the floor dated to the reign of Pharaoh Ptolemy IV, while all of the coins from the levelling layer dated to Ptolemy VI.

>A dinner setting for four also had some distinctive vessels following an Athenian style that placed them in the first quarter of the second century BC during the reign of Ptolemy V.

>Thmouis was rebuilt as a city full of Greek colonists and soon became the regional seat of power as the Ptolemaic dynasty took power away from Egyptian temple priests who participated in the rebellion.

>The transformation of Thmouis from a small tributary town to a regional capital reflects the hand of an oppressive government that wanted to make sure that no major revolt from the people they ruled would ever pose a threat to their control again.

^1 I dug for evidence of the Rosetta Stone’s ancient Egyptian rebellion – here’s what I found, 6 Mar. 2023, https://theconversation.com/i-dug-for-evidence-of-the-rosetta-stones-ancient-egyptian-rebellion-heres-what-i-found-200318

^2 Silverstein, J. E., and Littman, R. J. (December 27, 2022) Archaeological Correlates of the Rosetta Stone’s Great Revolt in the Nile Delta: Destruction at Tell Timai. Journal of Field Archaeology https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2022.2158569

For those, who like me, forget which ptolomy is which and had to check the relevence of IV, V and VI, the Rosetta was a record of a decree issued by preists in support of Ptolomy V who was subject to the rebellions and generally struggled after his dad died when he was young.

Hence IV coins below and VI coins above the destruction ties in v nicely.

What was the rebellion about?

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Ptolemy V was 6 when he became pharaoh after Ptolemy IV died under suspicious circumstances. Kingdom was led by unpopular regents and lost the Fifth Syrian War to the other diadochi. All of this meant legitimacy was low and the state was somewhat rudderless.

Larger context is the Ptolemaic line is Greek but they're trying to rule over Egyptian people, traditional Egyptian priesthood wasn't super stoked to have Hellenic people at the top of the totem pole. Egypt also has a long tradition of throwing off foreign rulers (28th dynasty throwing off the Persians is mentioned in the paper, 16th and 17th dynasties existed at the same time as the Hyksos while the 18th overthrew the Hyksos) so it's plausible this revolt aimed for a restoration of local rule.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_V_Epiphanes - There's no wiki about the rebellion in particular but Ptolemy V's page has some details.

Edit: Found a better source about the revolt itself https://www.lib.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/files/TheGreatRevoltoftheEgyptians.pdf

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> Ptolemy V was 6 when he became pharaoh after Ptolemy IV died under suspicious circumstances. Kingdom was led by unpopular regents

All the news about modern politics usually makes me lose hope for humanity, but reading about this and the reminder that most of us aren’t in a society ruled by a 6-year-old who’s acting as a puppet for a cabal of power hungry regents is a refreshing perspective.

Remember that 6 year old is a god and his dad was a god too - surely that makes him more legitimate than some "elected" politician! /s

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>Ptolemaic line is Greek

Macedonian.