As far as the blast radius, not really. The earthquakes, tsunamis and radioactive fallout will affect the rest of the world. But living in a 3D world means that a 1000x stronger bomb only reaches 10x as far.

And that's without counting on mountains, air resistance, and seas blocking the blast and radiation.

However there are other ways to end the world.

The meteor that killed the dinosaurs had an impact strong enough to create the Gulf of Mexico, yet its worst effect was lifting up enough dust to cover the sky for months.