sources:

GDP
https://apps.bea.gov/regional/downloadzip.cfm
state taxes
https://wallethub.com/edu/states-with-highest-lowest-tax-burden/20494
suicide rate
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/suicide-mortality/suicide.htm
opioid dispensing rate
https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/maps/rxstate2019.html
life expectancy https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/life_expectancy/life_expectancy.htm
infant mortality https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/infant_mortality_rates/infant_mortality.htm
incarceration rate
https://www.sentencingproject.org/the-facts/#map
state+local ed spending https://www.usgovernmentspending.com/compare_state_spending_2019b20a#copypaste

evangelical
https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/evangelical-protestant/

diversity*
– diversity* = Catholic% + Jewish% + Muslim% + Asian%
– Catholic, Jewish, Muslim populations: https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/compare/religious-tradition/by/state/
– Asian population: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Asian_Americans

rural-urban
– population density https://www.states101.com/populations
– agriculture income https://data.ers.usda.gov/reports.aspx?ID=17839#P9dd070795569412d9525def18d45bde2_4_185iT0R0x0

method for "rural-urban" metric
– population density and agriculture income data values were converted to "standard scores", aka "z-scores": z-score = (data value – mean)/SD (see Wikipedia, "Standard score")
– the z-scores were added and divided by 2; result = the rural/urban metric z-score
– note1: 'urban' means "increasing population density"; 'rural' means "increasing agriculture income as % of state GDP"
for the 'rural' metric to denote a "rural to urban" value, the z-scores for agriculture income were 'reversed' by multiplying by "–1"before adding to the population density z-scores
– note2: for the 'rural-urban' metric ... a negative z-score indicates a "rural" value; a positive z-score indicates an "urban" value

tool: Mathematica

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i) all of the metric values have been converted to z-scores; this allows dimension-less comparison and averaging
ii) the red/blue background indicates the state's Rep/Dem Electoral Vote in 2020
iii) in the calculation of the average, "negative metric" values were multiplied by "–1"