Blindsight by Peter Watts. It's a near-future first contact story where a crew of meta-humans, led by an AI-enhanced autistic space vampire, try to respond to an alien ship that appears in Jupiter's orbit and scans the earth. It goes deep on neuropsychology and philosophy while the crew struggles to make sense of the event.

It has some extreme weirdness but it's all scientifically justified. The book has copious endnotes explaining the basis for everything from blindsight to Cotard's delusion to the vampirism and does a great job bridging the gap between bizarre reality and pure fiction.