Not sure about developing a cold but if you look at CMV (cytomegalovirus) and EBV (Epstein Barr virus), those are both prevalent in most people as latent infections. If you get another infection, are immune suppressed, or pregnant, then those viruses can flare up and cause their relevant symptoms.

Probably the most well known is glandular fever which is caused by EBV. You can have it, then recover, bit still have dormant/latent virus in your system that flares up again in the future. Same goes for TB

There are a number of viruses that are never flushed out of the body and they remain in the body after infection. In certain conditions they can manifest years after the initial disease has passed. But that is very rare. Flu viruses, RSV are not able to linger in the body.

If symptoms re-emerge days (5-6 days tops) after the initial symptoms have gone away, then either the body hasn't really recovered from the infection or it's another type of infection on top of the initial viral infection (bacterial infection of the upper respiratory system.or maybe even in the lungs for example) or it wasn't a cold from the get-go, it was a cold-like infection.

So best to talk to a doctor.

There are over 200 viruses known to cause a "cold." They include several families, like rhinoviruses, adenoviruses and coronaviruses. As a rule, those families don't "lie dormant" like herpesviruses.

Getting a cold often incurs some immunity to that virus, and maybe a few of its cousins, for a few months or years. But immunity to one virus doesn't guarantee immunity from all the other cold viruses.

Also bacteria can cause superinfections in compromised tissue, and general infections or metabolic stress makes one more susceptible to viral infections. Cold sores come back under stress, but those are herpesvirus, not "cold" viruses.

NIH: More than 200 different viruses are known to cause the symptoms of the common cold. An estimated 30-35% of all adult colds are caused by rhinoviruses. In people with asthma, particularly children, rhinovirus infections are also frequently associated with flare-ups.

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