I'd like to add this paper: Developmental Dyslexia: Disorder or Specialization in Exploration?, from the abstract: "We raise the new possibility that people diagnosed with developmental dyslexia (DD) are specialized in explorative cognitive search, and rather than having a neurocognitive disorder, play an essential role in human adaptation. Most DD research has studied educational difficulties, with theories framing differences in neurocognitive processes as deficits. However, people with DD are also often proposed to have certain strengths – particularly in realms like discovery, invention, and creativity – that deficit-centered theories cannot explain. We investigate whether these strengths reflect an underlying explorative specialization."

Also, Fonts that help people with Dyslexia (eg Dyslexie Font) are adding weight to the baseline of the letters, which suggests that Dyslexia is at least in part a disorder of visual processing, or, in the vein of beforementioned paper, maybe even a function of it.