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kenanna t1_iwp059l wrote

People are confusing electrons with protons here. The redox reaction between different complexes, which involves exchange of electron, generates energy to move protons in complex 1,2 and 4. That’s where the gradients are generated. As for where the protons are from, your bodies are full of water. Water is ionizable

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Verologist t1_iwqzzzm wrote

To add to that, water undergoes constant autoprotolysis. You just have to move the protons, before they can recombine with sth else.

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ScrubinMuhTub t1_iwr2t56 wrote

While it is that simple, accepting this statement as true will take years of study in chemistry/organic chemistry.

But yes. u/infinite-flow7945 the answer is water.

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