Submitted by Least_Ad104 t3_ywrona in askscience
Interesting-Month-56 t1_iwp2veq wrote
It depends. If the energy is high enough, the electron will fly off with excess kinetic energy. Otherwise, excess energy is emitted as photons, either immediately, or through a thermal decay process when the electron is promoted to one of a multitude of (quantized) states slightly higher in energy than the ground state of a particular orbital.
If the Hydrogen is in a metallic state, then there is no meaningful quantization in a certain band, so energy can rapidly be dumped into this band, then will be lost as heat when the electrons settle into the lowest levels of the band.
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