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Without binocular sight it is impossible to get distance to and size of objects. In familiar environment the brain will recover proper picture. Try to close one eye and go out to a park or street. You will be confused 🙂 People who lost one eye recently can still navigate and even drive. Otherwise it becomes very dangerous.

One eye can judge distance out to about 20 feet.

At that point the lens doesn't need to deform much to focus the light hitting the back of your eye, so that eye can't tell how far away anything is past that point.

Two eyes can judge distance out much farther away.

Your brain compares the differences between the two images and guesses at the distance of an object.

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>Without binocular sight it is impossible to get distance to and size of objects.

That is not correct. You only lose the binocular parallax information, but the brain still receives and processes many other cues. Motion parallax is one example that works fairly similarly to binocular parallax, just with one eye being in different positions over time rather than two eyes being in different positions simultaneously.

There are many depth cues other than binocular parallax, so people with one eye can still judge depth, just not as well.

Examples of monocular depth cues include:

Relative size, or absolute size of familiar objects: the farther away something is, the smaller it appears, and this can be used to either compare similar objects that appear different sizes, or to judge the distance of an object whose size is familiar.

Texture gradient: basically, this is relative size applied to the fine detail of texture. Imagine a gravel road, for example; its apparent texture becomes finer the farther away you go.

Motion parallax: things moving at familiar speeds have slower apparent motion the farther away they are. Or, when you are moving, things farther away from you have slower apparent motion.

Overlap: closer objects obscure farther ones.

Elevation to the horizon: things farther away tend to be nearer the horizon.

Accommodation: Your eye changes shape via muscular action in order to focus on objects, and the shape depends on the distance to the object.

Humans develop binocular visual perception before the age of 5 (in typically-developing children) and occurs inside the brain as the child develops and moved throughout their environment.

Losing or removing vision in one eye does not change the brain's ability to process binocular vision from information from the remaining eye (as long as there isn't damage to the visual cortex).

You can find the basic answer with a simple Google search / on wiki. Please start there and come back with a more specific question.