Neurons receive a large amount of information from other neurons, and the dendrites' role is to integrate and process this information. The information is then filtered, and only the relevant information is transmitted along the axon to other neurons. The more dendrites you have, the more information you can receive.

The filtering of information occurs through a process known as synaptic plasticity, where the strength of the synapses between neurons can be adjusted based on the input received. Inhibitory neurotransmitters can also play a role in filtering information, as they can decrease the likelihood that an action potential will be generated in the neuron.

Let’s say you have nerves for sensing pain on the tip of your index. They all need to cross the same path to make their way to the spinal cord (dorsal horn). So the body has lots of these pain sensing nerves on the tip of your fingers that connect to a larger neuron that fires a strong and incredibly fast signal to the dorsal horn. Then we get a signal that fires back from spinal cord level to your finger to pull it back and then the process gets processed in the brain.