No. Newark airport to Jersey city is 40 minutes alone - that doesn’t include waiting for anything.

Coming back into the airport you’ll have to go through tsa - which can also take 40 minutes (I’ve gone through it in 15 minutes and I’ve gone through it in 45).

In northern nj 15 miles = 45 minute drive. And maybe at 3am on Tuesday, an Uber can make it to JC in 15 minutes- but not normally.