Complementing your answer...

I've actually used ChatGPT before posting this thread, and the answers were all unsatisfying, just like in the comment above yours. Actually looking into the resources recommended by ChatGPT will quickly show that most of them simply do not meet the criteria I specified in my post. The only useful reference is the book by Haykin, but it looks like the historical references are somewhat scattered throughout the book, which makes it not so easy to read.

Also, I've not come here after just opinions. I've come here hoping for informed opinions from experienced researchers, who may have already read and evaluated many of the references on NN history that I'm asking for. This is something ChatGPT is very far from being able to provide.