Beyond the many things others have covered, at Google, an aspect of your performance evaluation is "community contributions". These are anything that makes Google a better place to work that is not directly related to your work responsibilities. Everyone is expected to make community contributions, and sometimes the lack of community contributions can lead to lower performance ratings.

Conference / journal reviewing is traditionally treated as a community contribution in Google Research.

As your level scales, significant participation in the research community (e.g. being an AC, conference organizer, etc.) begin to be required aspects of the Research Scientist job ladder.

No idea if anything similar exists at other companies.