Unless you ensured every single material used was one with 100% lossless recycling methods, it would not be possible to do this without some type of supply run at some point. Maybe you could store enough material for 50-100 years of operation, barring major emergencies.

But - Even if you never suffered a major issue - you would eventually need _something_, because even items that are not moving parts or are rarely used can and will degrade over time.

For atmosphere, food/water production, and waste processing, it's possible. But not for everything else.