The moon is not necessarily further away from the sun as the earth. Half the time it’s closer half the time it’s further

The earth also spends about half the time without the sun in the sky.

If you built the panels on the far side of the moon, the earth would never interfere with the sun while the panel is facing the sun

If you built the panels on the face of the moon we can see, the earth would only block during a lunar eclipse which is rather rare.

And what is your source for the moon receiving less light than the earth? They receive essentially the same amount